Going to the dentist can be stressful for anyone, but for neurodivergent individuals, it may come with additional sensory, communication and anxiety-related difficulties. If you are neurodivergent, or if you have a neurodivergent child, this guide will help you manage the potential challenges of dental appointments.
Whether you are autistic, have ADHD, sensory processing disorder, or another neurodivergence, dental visits can be overwhelming due to bright lights, loud noises, unfamiliar sensations, and the unpredictability of the appointment. However, with the right strategies, accommodations, and preparation, visiting the dentist can become a manageable and even positive experience. In this guide, we provide some practical tips to help neurodivergent individuals and their parents and caregivers navigate dental visits with greater ease.
1. Choose the right dentist
Finding a dentist who understands neurodivergencies and is willing to make accommodations will make a significant difference. Here are some ways to identify a neurodivergent-friendly dentist:
- Look for dentists with experience treating neurodivergent patients or those who specifically advertise neurodivergent-friendly services.
- Read reviews from other neurodivergent patients or caregivers.
- Call ahead and ask about accommodations, such as reduced lighting, noise control, or extra time for appointments.
- Seek testimonials from neurodivergent communities or support groups.
2. Prepare in advance
Preparation is key to reducing anxiety and uncertainty. Here are some steps to take before your visit.
Research the process:
- Watch videos or read articles about what happens during a dental visit, and the specific treatment you’ll be having if you know in advance.
- Ask the dentist if they can provide a step-by-step breakdown of what to expect.
Schedule the appointment at a low-stress time:
- Choose a time when the clinic is less busy, which the reception team will be able to advise you about.
- Avoid scheduling during high-sensory times, or times you’ll be most tired, such as immediately after school or work.
Create a social story or visual schedule:
- A social story or a visual guide can help break down the appointment into manageable steps.
- This is a short story that uses simple language and/or pictures to describe a particular situation, skill, or concept to help navigate difficult situations and transitions in routine.
- Include pictures or illustrations if that helps with understanding, and look at examples online for guidance.
Discuss accommodations in advance:
- Call the dental practice before your appointment to discuss specific accommodations, such as allowing extra time for processing and breaks, and reducing bright lights or using sunglasses.
- If you find noise-cancelling headphones, weighted blankets or fidget tools useful, discuss these in advance too.
3. Manage sensory sensitivities
Many neurodivergent individuals have heightened sensory sensitivities, making dental visits particularly overwhelming. Here are ways to minimise discomfort:
Reduce noise sensitivity:
- Wear noise-cancelling headphones or earplugs to block out loud sounds.
- Ask if the dental practice can turn off any unnecessary equipment during the visit.
- Listen to calming music or white noise to create a soothing environment.
Adjust lighting:
- Bring your preferred sunglasses, or ask the dentist to provide them (which they usually can).
- Ask if the overhead light can be dimmed.
Modify tactile sensations:
- Bring a weighted blanket, fidget toy, or stress ball for comfort.
- Ask the dentist to use a numbing gel before injections to reduce discomfort.
- Request to hold the dental tools before they are used to become familiar with them.
4. Communicate your needs
Clear communication with your dentist can make a big difference in how comfortable you feel during the visit. Here are some ways to advocate for yourself or your child:
- Create a communication card listing preferences and sensitivities.
- Use a script or written list of questions and concerns to share with the dentist.
- If verbal communication is challenging, use a communication app or pre-written notes.
- Ask for breaks when needed and establish a signal (such as raising your hand) to pause treatment if you feel overwhelmed.
5. Use coping strategies during the appointment
Having a set of coping strategies can help reduce anxiety and stress during your visit. Some helpful techniques include:
- Deep breathing: Practice slow, deep breaths to stay calm.
- Distraction techniques: Listen to music, watch a video, or use a fidget toy.
- Guided imagery: Visualise a calming place, such as a beach or forest.
- Progressive muscle relaxation: Tense and relax different muscle groups to relieve tension.
- Mindfulness techniques: Focus on counting or repetitive movements to stay grounded.
6. Bring a support person
If possible, bring a trusted friend, family member, or caregiver to your appointment. They can:
- Advocate for your needs.
- Provide reassurance and comfort.
- Help with communication if you feel overwhelmed.
- Assist with post-appointment care and information recall.
7. Plan for aftercare
After a dental visit, you may feel overstimulated or exhausted. Plan some downtime afterward to recover:
- Schedule a quiet activity, such as reading, watching a favourite TV show, or taking a nap.
- Have a preferred snack or drink ready as a comfort.
- Reflect on what went well and what could be improved for future visits.
- Use a sensory-friendly recovery strategy, such as wrapping yourself in a weighted blanket or engaging in a calming hobby.
8. Gradual exposure and desensitisation
If dental visits cause extreme anxiety, consider a gradual approach to build comfort over time:
- Start by visiting the dental practice to get familiar with the environment, even if this is just the reception area to begin with.
- Build up to viewing a treatment room accompanied by a member of staff.
- Schedule a short, non-invasive appointment (such as a consultation) before undergoing further procedures.
- Use a toothbrush with different textures to desensitise to oral sensations.
9. Celebrate your success
Going to the dentist can be a big accomplishment for neurodivergent individuals. Acknowledge your efforts and celebrate your progress, no matter how small:
- Reward yourself or your child with a favourite treat or activity after the visit.
- Keep track of successful dental visits to build confidence.
- Remind yourself that each visit is a step towards better oral health.
In summary
Visiting the dentist as a neurodivergent individual or with a neurodivergent child can be challenging, but with the right preparation, communication, and accommodations, it can become a more manageable experience. Finding a supportive dentist, using sensory-friendly strategies, and advocating for your needs can help create a positive and successful dental visit.
Remember, your comfort and wellbeing matter. A good dentist should acknowledge this, and at our clinic in Wortley, Leeds, Indigo Dental takes pride in ensuring our patients’ individual needs are met. Taking proactive steps to make dental care accessible and less stressful can improve not only your oral health but also your overall quality of life.